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twelve years ago i

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performed a series of remote

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tele-robotic surgery

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operating on patients in in a remote

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city in northern canada as a means of

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demonstrating that using robotics and

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telecommunication you can provide

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surgical care to patients from a

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distance

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it was a series of quite complex

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operations on the stomach and the colon

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and spleen

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during some of the first series of ex

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surgeries we had representatives from

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the nasa and kennedy space agency

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who after observing a couple of the

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surgeries

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put a challenge to me can you do this

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in such a remote location when there are

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no other

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it's not a hospital in there

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and they offered the aquarius for a

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series of nemo missions which was

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underwater habitat very much similar to

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the international space station where

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many of the astronauts including katie

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coleman who had flown

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in space were being trained for the next

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series of

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trips up to the space station

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and we did a series of experiments to

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see how far can we stretch the limit of

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telesurgery and we recognize beyond a

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certain point of time delay

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as you would experience with

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international space station a moon base

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or a mars mission you are going to

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require some degree of automation and

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autonomy

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and out of those experiments develop a

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series of

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plans for developing robotic

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systems for medical care which can

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incorporate some some of that

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automation and autonomy

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we've been working with the same company

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which has made all the canada arm and

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the arms the robotic arms currently on

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the space station the dexter

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and so many of the

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engineering and the software which had

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gone into developing those arms for nasa

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was what was used to develop a series of

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robots which can use

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imaging modalities

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to

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perform various surgical tasks in an

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automated fashion so it's really

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revolutionized the medical industry it

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can and in fact the next stage would be

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to give it autonomy

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and that would really revolutionize but

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i don't think at the moment our

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regulatory

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sort of bodies are yet ready for that

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but definitely automation which is what

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its capabilities are but really the

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robot is designed to be able to also

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perform potentially autonomous acts to

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make some decisions

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as some of the space robotics can

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already do so it's i think it's the next

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phase in the evolution

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from igar can be adapted to a number of

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treatments the first application is for

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early detection and treatment of

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suspicious breast lesions in women with

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high risk of developing breast cancer

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these women are expected to have mri on

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their annual screening and unfortunately

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for mri it's so sensitive they can

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identify a very tiny lesion which may or

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may not be cancerous and then these

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women have to go through multiple

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biopsies sometimes even lumpectomy to

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find out whether it's cancerous or not

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and it's a long wait with igar we are

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able to immediately inside the bore of

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the magnet target the lesion

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going and biopsy and in future if

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appropriate ablate the lesion so it

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really saves a lot of

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time for the patient but more

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importantly also pain and cosmetic

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because it's so minimally invasive and

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so accurate it reduces the the pain

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discomfort for the patient and the

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better cosmetic result for the for for

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the women

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so what's next

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next is actually uh hopefully getting

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the system

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to a commercial end to sort of this can

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go into production and actually to into

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impacting patient care and we have a

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number of systems for

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liver

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lung kidney and prostate cancer a

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similar type of designs which will be

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the next and as i said my my dream is to

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actually get

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all of these systems into an automation

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autonomous mode to be look at how

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medical robotics can function in an

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autonomous mode still not replacing the

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surgeon or the physician but being able